[2] Théodore Dubois (1837-1924) was the director of the Conservatoire de Paris from 1896-1905.

[3] Fernand Bourgeat (dates unknown) was the Secrétaire Général of the Conservatoire de Paris in 1905.

[4] The Bouwens van der Boijen family were close friends of the Boulangers.

[5] Reference to parties at the family summer home, also known as “Les Maisonettes” in Gargenville, Paris.

[6] With the exception of letters dated 25 November 1910, 6 May 1911, 11 December 1912, 30 January 1913, and 22 June 1913, all letters sent from Raoul Pugno are in the form of a post card.

[7] Eugène Ysaÿe (1858-1931), virtuoso violinist and regular duet partner with Pugno.

[8] Marcel Dougnon (1858-1911) was an architect, perhaps best known for designing the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, Egypt. See Donald Malcolm Reid, Contesting Antiquty in Egypt: Archaeologies, Museums, and the Struggle for Identities from World War I to Nassar (Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2015).

[9] Paul Vidal (1863-1931), organist and composer, he briefly served as Lili Boulanger’s composition teacher at the Conservatoire.

[10] Georges Caussade (1873-1936) was another of Lili Boulanger’s composition teachers and a central advisor—along with Nadia Boulanger—during Lili Boulanger’s bids for the Prix de Rome.

[11] Student in Caussade’s class at the Conservatoire.

[12] Maurice Maeterlinck, (1862-1949), famous symbolist playwright.

[13] Head of the Ricordi Publishing House and Lili Boulanger’s publisher following her 1913 Prix de Rome victory.

[14] Ferdinand Francell (1879-1966), was a celebrated tenor at the Opéra-Comique.

[15] Claire Croiza (1882-1946), star mezzo-soprano who worked with the Boulangers on several occasions, including performing in both sisters’ Prix de Rome cantata performances. Croiza was cast in Boulanger and Pugno’s opera La Ville morte. See Jeanice Brooks and Kimberly Francis, “Serious Ambitions: Nadia Boulanger and the Composition of La ville morte,” in Nadia Boulanger and her World, edited by Jeanice Brooks (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, in print).

[16] Paul Parray (1886-1979), Prix de Rome laureate in music in 1911.

[17] Lucienne Heulvelmans (1885-1944) was a French sculptor. She was the first woman to win the Grand Prix de Rome, which she received for sculpture in 1911.

[18] Marc Grégoire (1883-1915), Premier second grand prix in architecture in 1912.

[19] René Mirland (1884-1915), Premier grand prix in the 1911 Prix de Rome competition in architecture.

[20] Roger Seassal (1885-1967), Grand Prix de Rome in 1913 in architecture.

[21] Ferruccio Busoni (1866-1924), an Italian composer.

[22] Louis-Amié Lejeune (1884-1969), a French sculptor, he won the Grand Prix de Rome in 1911 and was a pensionnière at the Villa Medici along with the Boulangers.

[23] Paul-Albert Besnards (1849-1934) was a French painter and printmaker.

[24] Vincenzo Tommasini (1878-1950) was an Italian composer.

[25] Alfred Casella (1883-1947) and Hélène Casella (1876-1952) both of whom were quite active in modernist music circles. Hélène Casella’s correspondence with Nadia Boulanger can be found in Boulanger’s archives, F-Pn, N.L.a. 60 (76-86). She divorced Alfred Casella in 1919.

[26] One of Lili’s live-in nurses.