2. The manuscript was carefully corrected by a contemporary; on f. 6, Psalm 7, verses 2 and 8, “meam” was omitted, and supplied in margin; corrections in the same hand, ff. 6v, 46, and 49v, where Psalm 69:4, omitted by the scribe, was also supplied in the upper margin. On f. 65rv, Psalm 88:29, “… In aeternum servabo illi miseridordiam meam” is followed by Ps. 88:35, “et que procedunt de labiis.” The omitted verses were copied in the margin, but with errors, and then more legibly on an inserted quarter sheet, now foliated as f. 66 (on the verso, blank on the recto), to correct the mistake. Eye-skip led the scribe to copy mistakenly Psalm 133:2-3 again after Psalm 134:2; the extra verses were cancelled in red on f. 99.

3. Psalters were traditionally used to teach children to read, and there are signs in this volume that it may have been used in this way. The lower margin of f. 14 was used to practice the alphabet, copied in decorative majuscules, and then erased. On f. 83v, in the lower margin in space left blank at the end of Psalm 108, someone added the beginning of a well-known hymn in a rather unpracticed hand and with a number of mistakes, suggesting that this might have been the work of someone still learning Latin (incipit, “Criste qui lux es et dies nodis tenebras et degis lucis … Precamur sancte domine”); another hand then continued the hymn, breaking off when he (or she) ran out of space, “Defende nos in hac nocte nos tibi reos sta//.”

4. We know that the volume remained in Germany into the fifteenth century (top margin, f. 116, note in German dated 1467, “in dem jar da man zale m ccc vnd jiii lxvii jar do hub ich den halgen ….”). Both the images of St. Francis and St. Dominic are damaged in a way that perhaps suggests deliberate defacement rather than ordinary wear. This is particularly true of St. Francis; the saint’s face, hand, and the book he is holding have been completely obliterated. The image of St. Dominic is less-damaged, but one hand and parts of the robe have been removed. Anti-mendicant feeling was strong in parts of Germany in the fifteenth century. It is even possible that this is evidence of use by a Protestant owner – someone who may also have removed the calendar and most of the Litany of saints.

5. Sold at Sotheby’s, July 10, 1972, lot 81, when it was bought by Sion Segre Amar (Turin, 1910-2003) for the Comites Latentes Collection, Geneva, MS 99; deaccessioned and sold at Sotheby’s, June 20, 1989, lot 40, and December 1, 1998, lot. 69.]]>
Germain Hardouyn was a prolific printer active in Paris from 1500 to 1541, who worked in tandem with his brother Gillet or Gilles Hardouyn. Together or separately, the two brothers furnished the Paris market and the provinces with a large number of impressions of printed Books of Hours, often hand-colored (see Renouard, 1965, 198; J. Müller, Dictionnaire abrégé des imprimeurs/éditeurs français du XVIe s., 1970, p. 76).

2. Charles Ewbank, his engraved name pasted on the upper pastedown on the upper left-hand corner. This might be Charles Ewbank, born in Valenciennes (1819-1867).

3. Dupont de Saint Ouën (Alphonse Fulgence) (1820-1892), from Valenciennes, with an engraved heraldic ex-libris bookplate pasted on front pastedown: he is recorded as a collector of books but also paintings (see Valenciennes, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Abel de Pujol, “César se rendant au sénat aux Ides de Mars”). Interestingly, Dupont de Saint Ouën was an accomplished engraver himself who consigned a large number of etchings and views of Valenciennes in the 1840s and 1850s.

4. European Continental Collection.]]> approx. 150 folios]]>
The text is of the Use of Utrecht for secular use – there are nine lessons for major feasts, compared to the twelve found in monastic volumes – meaning it was used, and also possibly made, by secular religious, such as canons or friars.

Includes saints venerated in the Low Countries: St. Servatius (d. 384) was Bishop of Tongeren and Maastricht; St. Odulphus (d. after 854) is considered one of the ‘Apostles of the Frisians’; St. Willibrord (d. 739), originally of Northumbria, was among the first missionaries to the Low Countries. The Anglo-Saxon St. Lebuinus (d. 775) was another ‘Apostle of the Frisians’; and St. Lambert (d. 705) was Bishop of Maastricht.

The prevalence of feasts related to St. Augustine suggest it was made for Augustinian secular Canons, perhaps with ties to a church dedicated to St. Agnes; feasts and hymns for her veneration appear frequently. Augustine figures prominently in both volumes: the nativity of St. Augustine and his octave (28 August and 4 September) as well as the translation of his relics (11 October and in the other volume, 28 February) are included, as well as hymns for him. The translation of St. Agnes (2 September) is entered in the summer Sanctorale twice, and her Feast and Octave (21 and 28 January) in the winter Sanctorale. There are also hymns for her in both volumes.

2. Owned by H. J. von Aussem, apparently a collector and/or dealer of antiques, including books, in Aachen in the first quarter of the nineteenth century; his ownership inscriptions top outer corner of the front pastedowns in both volumes, labeling them as “No. 6” and “No. 7.” He also owned Fitzwilliam Museum, MS McClean 79.

3. Owned by William Ridley Richardson (b. 1856) of Ravensfell and Bromley House in Kent, England; his armorial bookplate (Fox-Davies 1905, p. 1153-4; Peter, 2016), front pastedowns of both volumes. He married into the Essex branch of the Tweedy family in 1886. Another fifteenth-century Netherlandish manuscript, now Dunedin, Public Library, RMM MS 5, also holds his bookplate. The volumes perhaps passed to one of his six children after his death in 1935.

4. At the end of the twentieth century and beginning of the twenty-first, this manuscript was owned by a private collector in North Brabant, The Netherlands. While remaining anonymous, the highlights of his collection were shown in the now-defunct Museum Scryption (Tillburg) in 1999. An exhibition catalogue, featuring a brief description and two photographs of Vol. I, were published by Scryption’s press (As-Vijvers, van Vugt, and Berkel, 1999, p. 53). It was also loaned to the Royal Library of the Netherlands in 1993 for an exhibition of Dutch manuscripts, and likewise appears in that exhibition’s catalogue (Duijzer 1993; Sanders 1993).

5. Volumes I and II, front and back pastedowns contain booksellers’s marks and prices in pencil and ink.]]>